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Study Guide Answers
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1.
The outward appearance of lakes and streams has changed very little since when?
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the last ice age |
2.
When did scientists in America and in Europe begin to notice something peculiar about the rain?
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in the 1960s |
3.
By ______________________, hundreds of lakes in Europe and North America had died.
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1978 |
4.
What is the cause of the deaths of so many of the world's lakes?
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man-made pollution |
5.
Acid rain is caused by __________________________________.
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pollution |
6.
When pollution from automobiles, electrical power plants, or industrial facilities comes into
contact with water, what is formed?
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acid |
7.
What are the main pollutants that contribute to acid rain?
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sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and nitric oxide |
8.
The three pollutants named in #7 (above) react with water in the _____________________________.
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air |
9.
What are the main pollutants that contribute to acid rain?
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fine particulate matter ( FPM or aerosols ) |
10.
Acidity is measured on the _________________ scale, from _______________ to _______________.
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pH/ 0/ 14 |
11.
Neutral, on the pH scale, is _____________.
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seven |
12.
On the pH scale, numbers from zero to six indicate ______________________, while numbers eight to fourteen indicate _____________________________ .
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acidity/ alkalinity |
13.
What is the pH of normal rainfall?
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(5.6) |
14.
Rainfall in the eastern U.S. is _______________ to ______________ times more acidic than is normal
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thirty/ forty |
15.
Rain with the same acidity as vinegar has been recorded. True or false?
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true |
16.
Where did rain have the same acidity as lemon juice?
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in Wheeling, West Virginia |
17.
What, other than human activity, contributes to the acidity of rain?
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volcanic activity/ forest fires |
18.
One half of all SO2 pollution in the U.S. comes from ______________________________ generation.
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electric power |
19.
The burning of coal does not contribute to acid rain. True or false?
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false |
20.
What's the main source of nitrogen oxide pollution?
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exhaust of automobiles and trucks |
21.
Why were taller smoke stacks built after 1970?
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The EPA required that pollution levels be reduced near stationary sources.
Taller stacks eject emissions higher into the atmosphere, away from the stationary source. |
22.
________________________ percent of the sulfate deposited in New York and New Jersey
originates hundreds of miles away, mostly in the _______________________________.
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Seventy/ midwest |
23.
What four states produce one-fourth of all the sulfur dioxide in the United States?
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Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky |
24.
Where do prevailing winds carry the pollution that originates in the states named in #23 (above)?
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to the north and to the east |
25.
Even the South Pole has received sulfate pollution because of Russian metal smelters. True or false?
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false |
26.
Smog from Los Angeles pollutes the Grand Canyon. True or false?
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true |
27.
The most commercially important copper ores are the ____________________________________.
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sulfides |
28.
Where are some of the most acid-sensitive lakes found?
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in the Rocky Mountains and in the Sierra Nevada Mountains |
29.
The ability of a lake to absorb acid is called its "_________________________________________."
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buffering capacity |
30.
High mountain lakes have a [high/ low] buffering capacity.
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low |
31.
Which lakes have a natural capacity to absorb and neutralize acid?
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lakes that lie over alkaline rocks and lakes that receive windblown alkaline soil |
32.
Rocky Mountain lakes lie over _____________________________________.
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granite |
33.
In what season do mountain lakes receive an intense infusion of acidity?
Why?
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spring/ In spring, lakes receive water from melted snow. |
34.
What expression describes the phenomenon referred to in #33 (above)?
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acid shock/ spring shock |
35.
Fish populations are endangered in more than ______________________ of the Adirondack's lakes.
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half |
36.
Most fish cannot survive below what pH number?
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five |
37.
Water lilies that die because of acidity are often replaced by _______________________________.
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green algae |
38.
In Sweden, ____________________________ lakes have been acidified.
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18,000 |
39.
By 1982, ___________________percent of Germany's forests had been damaged by acid rain.
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eight |
40.
What percent of Germany's forests had been damaged by acid rain in 1987?
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50% |
41.
What are the first signs that a forest is experiencing acid rain damage?
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yellowing of foliage and then, leaves and needles are lost |
42.
Acid in the soil dissolves ____________________________ and leaches it into lakes and streams.
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mercury |
43.
Acid in the atmosphere can cause respiratory illness in human beings. True or false?
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true |
44.
Acid rain damage to structures in the Unites States exceeds ____________________ dollars annually.
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two billion |
45.
When did the U.S. Congress pass the "Clean Air Act"?
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in 1970 |
© Educational Video Network, Inc. 2005 - www.evndirect.com
Your leading source for curriculum-based educational videos and DVDs.
|