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Study Guide Answers
1. What is "mass"?
"Mass" is the amount of material that an object contains.
2. "______________ " is the tendency of an object to resist any change in motion.
Inertia
3. Describe the structure of an atom.
An atom consists of a positively charged nucleus that is surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
4. The smallest unit of a compound that exhibits its chemical properties is known as a _______________ .
molecule
5. Compare heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
A heterogeneous mixture contains substances that are not distributed evenly, while a homogeneous mixture contains evenly-distributed substances.
6. Describe an experiment that would exhibit the "Tyndall Effect."
Fill one beaker with a colloid, such as milk or gelatin, and fill another beaker with a solution, such as water. Shine a beam of light through both, and note that the solution allows the beam to pass straight through, but that the particles of the colloid scatter the beam of light.
7. How do the three states of matter ( gas, solid, and liquid ) differ from one another?
The particles of a gas are far apart and move freely. The particles of a liquid are closer together, but they still move about freely. The particles of a solid are very close together and do not move about freely.
8. What is the term that describes the amount of energy that is needed to change a material from a solid to a liquid?
heat of fusion
9. When ___________________ occurs, a substance progresses from the solid state directly to the gaseous state.
sublimation
10. What are the two main types of physical properties?
extensive and intensive
11. Define density.
the mass of a material per unit of volume
12. _________________ is expressed as the maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a solvent.
Solubility
13. What is a "chemical property"?
a characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a specific chemical change
14. What does the "Law of Conservation of Mass" state?
It states that the total mass of the reactants in any chemical reaction is exactly equal to the total mass of the products, or, in other words, that during any chemical change, matter is neither created nor destroyed.
15. What type of reaction causes the loss of a large quantity of energy, most of which is heat?
exothermic
© Educational Video Network, Inc. 2005 - www.evndirect.com Your leading source for curriculum-based educational videos and DVDs.