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Study Guide Answers
1. Myths are _________________________ stories that narrate the __________________________ of a culture.
traditional/ history
2. Why can many mythological characters be referred to by either Greek or Roman names?
The Romans adopted many of the gods of Greece and simply renamed them.
3. Gods and heroes proved their strength and bravery by _____________________________________.
defeating forces of evil
4. The universe began as a swirling mass called "______________________________."
Chaos
5. Which god swallowed each of the children produced by his wife?
Cronus (Saturn)
6. Who were the swallowed children referred to in #5 (above)?
Demeter, Hades, Hera, Hestia, and Poseidon
7. Who was the mother of the swallowed children?
Rhea
8. Who was the sixth child produced by the mother named in #7 (above)?
Zeus
9. How did Zeus defeat his father?
with a thunderbolt
10. Who became the supreme ruler of the gods?
Zeus
11. Who was Zeus's wife and sister?
Hera (Juno)
12. What place became the home of the gods?
Mount Olympus
13. What is Greece's tallest mountain?
Mount Olympus
14. Why did Greeks like the idea of Zeus trysting with their maidens?
The resulting children would have heroic or godly attributes.
15. Of what was Poseidon's palace constructed?
gemstones and coral
16. Poseidon and Athena vied for what prize? Who won?
Athens/ Athena
17. What gift did Athena give to the people of the city of Athens?
the olive tree
18. Which goddess swore to remain a virgin?
Hestia (Vesta)
19. What was the job of the goddess named in #18 (above)?
to tend the fire in the hall on Mount Olympus
20. Where did Hades (Pluto) spend most of his time?
in his underground kingdom
21. Who guarded the entrance to the Underworld?
the Gorgons
22. What would happen to anyone who looked at any of the Gorgons?
They'd turn into stone.
23. Which of the Gorgons was mortal?
Medusa
24. Which son of Zeus was his personal messenger?
Hermes (Mercury)
25. What river had to be crossed on the journey to the Underworld?
the River Styx
26. Who ferried the dead across the river named in #25 (above)?
Charon
27. Why did ancient Greeks bury their dead with a coin under their tongues?
Those who had no coin to pay for the ferry across the river to the Underworld had to wander on the horrible banks of the river for 100 years.
28. Who made sure that no one could escape from the Underworld?
a ferocious three-headed dog named Ceberus
29. In the Underworld, the dead were made to drink from _______________________________________.
the Spring of Lethe
30. What resulted from taking the drink referred to in #29 (above)?
People lost all memory of who they had been in life.
31. Great sinners were whipped for all eternity by _____________________________.
Erinyes
32. Where were the people who had been good taken?
to the Elysian Fields
33. Who was the Goddess of Fertility?
Demeter (Ceres)
34. Who fathered Demeter's daughter?
her brother, Zeus
35. Who was the daughter of Demeter?
Persephone
36. Who fell in love with Demeter's daughter?
Persephone's uncle, Hades, fell in love with her.
37. Who kidnapped Persephone?
Hades
38. Who was sent to bring Persephone from the Underworld?
Hermes (Mercury)
39. What had Persephone been tricked into eating, while she was in the Underworld?
pomegranate seeds
40. Where must Persephone spend one third of every year?
in the Underworld
41. What season of the year arrives when Persephone is in the Underworld?
winter
42. Of which of his children was Zeus the most fond?
Athena (Minerva)
43. What did Zeus do with Metis when she was pregnant?
He tricked her into turning herself into a fly, and then he swallowed her.
44. How was Athena born?
She sprang, full grown, from her father's head.
45. Why must spiders weave webs?
The mortal, Arachne, was turned into a spider by Athena because she had boasted about her superior weaving skills. Now, all spiders must weave and spin, web after web.
46. Who was the Goddess of Beauty and Love?
Aphrodite (Venus)
47. Who was the husband of Aphrodite?
Hephaestus, the God of Smiths and Fire.
48. Where did Aphrodite's husband work?
inside volcanoes
49. What did Hepaestus create for his wife?
exquisite jewelry
50. Who was Aphrodite's son?
Eros (Cupid)
51. What did Aphrodite's son love to do?
He loved to make people fall in love by shooting them with his arrows.
52. With whom did Aphrodite have a torrid affair?
with her brother-in-law, Ares
53. Ares was the God of _________________________________.
War
54. What did Ares love above all else?
combat
55. What did the Romans call Ares?
Mars
56. Who accompanied Ares into battle?
Pain, Panic, Famine, Oblivion
57. Who told Hephaestus about his wife's adultery?
Apollo
58. What did Hera do, when she learned that Leto was pregnant?
She kept the Goddess of Childbirth captive, so Leto could not give birth.
59. How was Hera convinced to release Ilithyia?
The goddesses offered her a necklace that was nine yards long, and made of gold and amber
60. Who were Leto's children?
Artemis (Diana) and Apollo
61. Who was the Goddess of the Hunt?
Artemis (Diana)
62. Who was the God of Light and Music?
Apollo
63. What nine sisters were charged with the task of providing inspiration to artists, musicians, and writers?
the Muses
64. The words, "music" and "museum" are derivatives of the word, "_____________________."
muse
65. Who was the God of Wine and Passion?
Dionysus (Bacchus)
66. Who devised a plot to kill the pregnant Semele?
Hera
67. How was Dionysus born?
He ripped open the stitches that held him in his father's thigh.
68. What gift did Dionysus agree to give to King Midas?
Everything that he touched turned to gold.
69. Was Heracles (Hercules) a god or a hero?
a hero
70. What did Hera put into Heracles' bed?
vipers
71. What did Heracles (Hercules) do while insane?
He killed all of his own children and those of his brother.
72. How many labors was Heracles made to do, in order to repent for what he had done?
twelve
73. From whom did Heracles temporarily take the burden of the Earth and the heavens?
from Atlas
74. Which god created human beings?
Prometheus
75. What did Prometheus steal from the gods?
fire
76. What punishment did Zeus give to Prometheus?
He was chained to the Caucasus Mountains, and every day, an eagle attacked him and ate his liver.
77. What does the name "Pandora" mean?
"all-gifted"
78. Whom did Pandora resemble?
Aphrodite
79. Pandora was sculpted from what material?
white marble
80. Who sculpted Pandora?
Hephaestus
81. What had Zeus given to Pandora?
a jar full of misery and evil
© Educational Video Network, Inc. 2005 - www.evndirect.com Your leading source for curriculum-based educational videos and DVDs.

Study Guide Answers